Transformasi Prinsip Etika Perang dalam Dinamika Konflik Asimetris Kontemporer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54543/syntaximperatif.v6i3.695Keywords:
Akuntabilitas Militer, Distingsi dan Proporsionalitas, Etika Perang, Hukum Humaniter Internasional, Perang AsimetrisAbstract
Perang asimetris semakin banyak ditemui dalam konflik modern, di mana aktor non-negara seperti kelompok pemberontak dan teroris terlibat dalam pertempuran melawan kekuatan negara. Pergeseran ini menghadirkan tantangan besar bagi penerapan Hukum Humaniter Internasional (HHI), terutama terkait prinsip-prinsip etika seperti pembedaan dan proporsionalitas. Artikel ini mengkaji transformasi prinsip etika dalam konteks konflik asimetris dan bagaimana HHI berupaya beradaptasi. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum tradisional kerap gagal menjangkau dinamika konflik kontemporer, terutama dalam menghadapi ketidakjelasan identitas kombatan, penyalahgunaan wilayah sipil, dan erosi norma etika perang. Artikel ini menawarkan reinterpretasi prinsip etika klasik, menyoroti pentingnya doktrin militer adaptif, serta perlunya pendekatan multidisiplin dan penggunaan teknologi untuk memperkuat akuntabilitas. Rekomendasi difokuskan pada peningkatan pelatihan militer berbasis etika, fleksibilitas ROE, serta penguatan kerjasama internasional dalam penegakan hukum humaniter yang lebih responsif terhadap realitas konflik asimetris
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