Serangan Siber terhadap Infrastruktur Kritis
Ancaman Bagi Keamanan dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54543/syntaximperatif.v6i2.678Keywords:
Infrastruktur Kritis, Keamanan Nasional, Mitigasi Risiko, Ransomware, Serangan SiberAbstract
Serangan siber terhadap infrastruktur kritis, seperti energi, transportasi, dan kesehatan, telah menjadi ancaman serius bagi keamanan nasional dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kerentanan yang meningkat, dampak ekonomi yang signifikan, serta gangguan sosial dan psikologis menuntut pendekatan komprehensif untuk mitigasi. Studi literatur ini menganalisis berbagai sumber akademis dan laporan industri untuk mengidentifikasi pola serangan siber, dampaknya, serta strategi mitigasi yang efektif. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menyintesis temuan dari kasus-kasus serangan besar seperti WannaCry (2017) dan serangan jaringan listrik Ukraina (2015). Serangan siber meningkat drastis, terutama ransomware (300% pada 2020–2022) dan DDoS (2.5 Tbps pada 2022). Dampak ekonomi mencapai $385 miliar secara global pada 2022. Efek sosial mencakup peningkatan kecemasan (42%) dan penurunan kepercayaan publik. Analisis menunjukkan kerentanan infrastruktur akibat ketergantungan pada sistem terhubung dan teknik serangan multivector (47% kasus). Perlindungan infrastruktur kritis memerlukan kolaborasi multisektor (Pentahelix), regulasi ketat, dan adopsi teknologi canggih seperti AI dan blockchain. Edukasi keamanan siber serta kebijakan terintegrasi penting untuk meningkatkan ketahanan nasional.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Efrizal Syah, Hermawan Weharima, Tarsius Susilo, Tedy Basuki, Andy Mustafa Akad
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