Manajemen Peer Education dalam Membangun Budaya Anti-Bullying di Pondok Pesantren dan Boarding School:
Sebuah Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54543/syntaximperatif.v7i2.1076Keywords:
Manajemen Peer Education, Anti-Bullying; Pondok Pesantren, Boarding School, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
Perundungan (bullying) di pondok pesantren dan boarding school merupakan isu serius yang berdampak pada kesehatan psikososial santri. Pendekatan peer education (pendidikan sebaya) menawarkan potensi solusi yang menjanjikan, namun kajian dari perspektif manajemen masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis manajemen peer education dalam membangun budaya anti-bullying serta merumuskan kerangka manajerial yang aplikatif bagi pesantren dan boarding school. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA, yang diterapkan pada basis data Scopus, Web of Science, Garuda, dan Google Scholar untuk periode 2015–2026. Dari hasil pencarian, sebanyak 13 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara tematik. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa manajemen peer education yang efektif terdiri atas empat pilar utama: (1) assessment dan pemetaan sebagai fungsi planning; (2) rekrutmen dan pelatihan peer educator sebagai fungsi organizing & staffing; (3) implementasi program sebagai fungsi actuating; dan (4) monitoring, evaluasi, serta keberlanjutan sebagai fungsi controlling. Model STAC, TEI, peer mentorship berbasis komunitas, serta program IPPNU teridentifikasi sebagai strategi unggulan yang dapat diadaptasi secara kontekstual dengan nilai spiritual khas pesantren, yaitu ta‘ẓīm (penghormatan kepada guru/senior), ukhuwah (persaudaraan), dan tawāḍu‘ (kerendahan hati). Integrasi nilai-nilai lokal ini penting untuk mencegah resistensi budaya sekaligus memperkuat keberterimaan program. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa manajemen peer education yang terstruktur melalui empat pilar berbasis kerangka POAC mampu mendukung terbentuknya budaya anti-bullying di pesantren dan boarding school. Untuk efektivitas yang lebih luas, diperlukan adaptasi model sesuai dengan karakteristik masing-masing lembaga, baik tradisional, modern, maupun boarding school umum.
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